Accuracy vs Precision
Accuracy is hitting where you aim, precision is shots landing close together, and a rifle can show one quality without the other.
Accuracy and precision describe two different things that shooters often blur together. Accuracy is how close your shots land to the point you actually aimed at, while precision is how tightly the shots cluster among themselves regardless of where that cluster sits. A rifle can punch a tiny, repeatable group two inches off the bullseye, which is precise but inaccurate, or scatter loosely while averaging out on the mark, which is accurate but imprecise.
The useful distinction is that precision is a property of the rifle, the ammunition, and the shooter’s consistency, whereas accuracy can usually be corrected by adjusting your zero so the tight cluster moves onto the aim point. You cannot dial away weak precision, though, because a wide dispersion reflects real variation in the system, which is why metrics like mean radius focus on the spread rather than its location.